A dehydration reaction is when two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through loss of a water molecule. It can also be called a condensation reaction. A hydrolysis is the opposite of a dehydration reaction. It is when bonds between monomers are broken b the addition of water molecules, a hydrogen from the water attaching to one monomer and a hydroxyl attaching to the adjacent monomer. Carbohydrates includes sugars and their polymers. The monosacchardies are the simplest carbohydrates. Disaccharides are double sugars and polysacchardies are polymers of many sugars. Disaccharides have two monosaccharides linked by a glycosidc linkage in which a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction. Polsacchardies are macromolecules, polymers with 100s-1000s monosaccharides linked by glycosidc linakages. Polysaccahrdies are starches or cellulose. Its function is determined by its sugar monomersand its glycosidci linkages. Starch are used by plants to store glucose, a major cellular fuel for plants to get their energy. cellulose are tough walls that protect plants cells. Chitin are carbohydrate used by insects, spiders, and related animals to build their exoskeleton. A triacylglycerol has three fatty acids linked to 1 glycerol molecule. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and are considered as plant oil and fish fats. Saturated acids are considered solid at room temperature and are know to caused cardiovascular diseases. They are considered the fat of mammals and most animals. Proteins make up more then 50% of most cells, used for structural support, storage, transportation of substances, moment, and defense against foreign substances. A protein consists of 1 or more polypeptides folded and coiled into specific conformations.
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