Bacteral transformation is a process in which bacteria cells invade the naked DNA molecules. If the foregin DNA replication is recognzed by the host cell DNA polymerases then the bacteria will replicate both the foreign DNA and its own DNA. Transformation is when the bacteria abosbed the DNA of the enviroment into it self. Transduction is when a piece of DNA is transported into a cell by a virus. Competent bacteria can uptake certain DNA molecules. They are made with calcium chlordie in the early log phase of growth. This is because the bacteria membrane is non- prermeable to calcium ions but they are permeable to chlordie ions. When chlorie ions enter the cell, water molecules accompay the changed particle. Th ewater intake causes the cells to swell and the uptake of DNA begins. Heat shock genes are genes that helps the bacteria in survivng extreme temperatues.
http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/donald.slish/transformation.html
http://www.genome.ou.edu/protocol_book/protocol_adxF.html
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